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Research Article
Large Scale Demonstration and Yield Performance of Selected Crop Technologies: Evidence from West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Addisu Getahun*,
Chernet Assefa
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
195-199
Received:
3 November 2023
Accepted:
23 November 2023
Published:
5 December 2023
Abstract: Large-scale demonstrations of selected crop varieties with their production package were conducted in the West Shewa zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to create wider access to recently released agricultural technologies using large-scale technology demonstration approaches and enhancing the productivity of selected crop varieties to smallholder farmers in the study areas. Improved crop technologies of tef, bread wheat, food barley, malt barley, chickpea, and faba bean with their production package were demonstrated on a cluster basis. For the success of the LSD, the training of trainers was provided for the agricultural experts, development agents, government officials, and farmers focusing on crop production and management practices, post-harvest handling, and market linkage. During the 2018/19 cropping season, 56.26 quintals of improved seed were distributed and a total of 134.92 hectares of land were covered. In this LSD a total of 242 farmers directly benefited from the introduced technologies. From the areas covered a total of 1,387 quintals of outputs was harvested from the demonstrated technologies. To evaluate the performance of the technologies and to share experiences among the participants field days were conducted in the Ejere and Ejersa Lafo districts. In the field days organized, a total of 363 participants representing farmers; region, zone, and district-level agricultural experts, researchers, and other stakeholders participated. The yield performance of crop technologies with full production package and appropriate crop rotation was more beneficial to farmers through clustering approaches. Hence, governments, farmers' organizations, and concerned stakeholders have to focus on availing full crop technology packages for cluster farming with rotational crops to enhance crop production and productivity.
Abstract: Large-scale demonstrations of selected crop varieties with their production package were conducted in the West Shewa zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to create wider access to recently released agricultural technologies using large-scale technology demonstration approaches and enhancing the productivity of selected crop vari...
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Research Article
The Impact of National Initiative for Human Development on Economic Growth of Morocco
Houdaifa Wajih*,
Mohamed ElAssad,
Youssef Sefri
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
200-204
Received:
10 October 2023
Accepted:
7 November 2023
Published:
22 December 2023
Abstract: This research deals with the program of the National Initiative for Human Development, a social project aim to improving the standard of living of Moroccans by fighting poverty, combating social exclusion, supporting income-generating activities, caring for women, children and people in difficult situations. The study examines the impact of the National Initiative for Human Development on Moroccan economic growth from 2006 to 2017, which is the period that combines the first and second phases of this program. Literature Reviews that dealt with the relationship between human development and economic growth were also highlighted. Secondary data was used based on World Bank reports in this regard, and the investment budget for the National Initiative for Human Development was based on reports of the National Coordination of the Initiative (Moroccan Ministry of Interior). By error correction model, it was found that there is a long-term positive relationship between investment in the national initiative for human development (INDH) and Moroccan gross domestic product (GDP). The conclusion from this relationship is that strengthening the role of the national initiative, as a tool for economic and social reform will positively affect GDP and the Moroccan economy in general.
Abstract: This research deals with the program of the National Initiative for Human Development, a social project aim to improving the standard of living of Moroccans by fighting poverty, combating social exclusion, supporting income-generating activities, caring for women, children and people in difficult situations. The study examines the impact of the Nat...
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Research Article
Information Technologies and the Impact of SARS-COV-2 in the Angolan Context: A Study on the Role of Technology in Times of Emergency and Public Calamity
Paulo Caquinda Cabila Da Silva
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
205-214
Received:
10 August 2023
Accepted:
6 December 2023
Published:
22 December 2023
Abstract: In Angola, Information Technologies have gained space in recent years, despite to the costs of acquisition and maintenance given the asymmetries experienced by most families. However, the use of Information and Communication Technologies generated several epicenters in the main cities, towns and even quimbos (small communities that reside in small neighborhoods in rural areas in houses with rudimentary constructions and distanced from each other) of the country in the period that the state of emergency and public calamity was heavy, in view of the restriction of mobility of people throughout the national territory, as well as the departure and entry into national territory and consequently the confinement of people in their homes. The study aimed to analyze the impact of information technologies in Angolan context due to the intense era of SARS-CoV-2. The investigation was empirical using qualitative and quantitative research, with a questionnaire being applied to 481 respondents from the main cities in the country. It was divided into two parts. The first addressed the appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 viruses as well as the updating of virus prevention and control measures referenced from the presidential decrees in Angola, the second addressed the role played by technologies of Information in the era of the pandemic, namely in periods of emergencies and public calamities. A link between Information and Communication Technologies and Artificial Intelligence was also made in this investigation, since the performance of any technology is integrated in human intelligence.
Abstract: In Angola, Information Technologies have gained space in recent years, despite to the costs of acquisition and maintenance given the asymmetries experienced by most families. However, the use of Information and Communication Technologies generated several epicenters in the main cities, towns and even quimbos (small communities that reside in small ...
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Research Article
Further Insights into the Exhaustive Grignard Tetramethylation of N-benzylphthalimide
Viraj Chathuranga Jayawardena
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
215-238
Received:
4 April 2023
Accepted:
21 April 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: 1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl (TMIO) is one of the most versatile isoindoline nitroxides due to the applications and a variety of important advantages it possesses. TMIO had been prepared previously by few different approaches, but none of these produced good yields due to the involvement of higher number of steps in the synthetic pathway. The most common pathway used to prepare TMIO involves the treatment of N-benzylphthalimide with methylmagnesium halide (MeMgX), followed by deprotection and oxidation. This Grignard approach remains the most effective when it comes to the synthesis of TMIO due to the higher overall yield obtained (36%) and the involvement of only four steps. However, the major yield limiting step in this route is the reaction between N-benzylphthalimide and MeMgX. The limited yield of this step is a mystery for 40 years due to some unknown reasons. Therefore, the author had decided to mechanistically investigate the aforesaid reaction with the aim of searching the reasons that lead to the limited yield. Analysis of the Grignard reaction mixture through a novel aqueous work-up (that was different to published Griffiths’ work-up) demonstrates the formation of five products including the target, N-benzyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindoline. Two of them among five products are recognized to be dead-end, while other two did not involve in improving the yield of the target although they both appear to be intermediates on the pathway to form the target. According to the findings of this study, it is finally concluded that a range of potential reactions and the formation of numerous side products could be the possible reasons for the low yield of the Grignard step.
Abstract: 1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl (TMIO) is one of the most versatile isoindoline nitroxides due to the applications and a variety of important advantages it possesses. TMIO had been prepared previously by few different approaches, but none of these produced good yields due to the involvement of higher number of steps in the synthetic pathway....
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Research Article
The Use of Performance Measures in Evaluating the Effectiveness of Teaching Methods and Some Skills in Kick Boxing
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
239-244
Received:
13 October 2023
Accepted:
30 October 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: The document discusses the use of performance measures to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching methods and skills in kickboxing. The research design incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques to assess factors such as cognitive load, physical skill requirements, content expertise, and pre-performance mood and anxiety scores. The paper highlights the importance of ethical considerations during the analysis of performance measures. It provides examples of previous studies and presents new findings on the variation in motion time and reaction time for different kickboxing skills. The goal is to enhance basic skills and improve offensive kickboxing through the use of multiple intelligences programs and special training. The document emphasizes the importance of using performance measures to assess teaching methods and skills in various contexts. It also discusses the potential benefits of using different teaching methods, such as demonstration, explanation, practice, feedback, correction, exercises, partner training, matches, and video analysis. The research methods involve the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data through surveys, observations, interviews, and assessments. The document concludes that the use of performance measures in evaluating teaching methods and skills in kickboxing can enhance instruction and improve learning outcomes.
Abstract: The document discusses the use of performance measures to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching methods and skills in kickboxing. The research design incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques to assess factors such as cognitive load, physical skill requirements, content expertise, and pre-performance mood and anxiet...
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Research Article
Job Performance and Associated Factors Among Health Workers Working in Public Hospitals of West Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia
Yassin Abrahim Ousman,
Biniam Worku Hailu*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
245-254
Received:
19 October 2023
Accepted:
20 November 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: Background: The success of any organization always depends on the participation and job performance of theiremployees. Health workers job performance level are cornerstone for better productivity of any health care organizations Less performance of health workers reduces public hospital productivity and a reason for poor hospitalized patient health outcome. However, little was understood about job performance and associated factors in low-income countries like Ethiopia including the study area. Objectives: To assess the level of job performance and associated factors among health workers working in public hospitals of West Hararghe zone, Oromia Region, East Ethiopia. Methods: A health facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted by using quantitative methods among 422 health workers. The study was conducted from August 27 to September 17, 2018 on public hospitals in West Hararghe zones [Chiro, Galemso and Asebot Hospitals]. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected from participants by using self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered in to Epidata version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. In bivariate analysis variables which had p-value p<0.25 were taken to multivariate regression model. Multivariate logistic regression was computed to identify predictor variables associated with level of job performance and variables with p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant with 95% CI. Result: A total of 381 study participants were involved in the study with response rate of 90%. Among the respondents, 206 [54.3%] were males. In professional types 256 [67.3%] were health professionals. The most predicting variable of health workers job performance: sex [AOR=1.896 [1.130, 3.180]], marital status [AOR=1.910 [1.11, 3.27]], working hours [AOR=2.910 [1.653, 5.123]], working condition [AOR= 2.164 [1.128, 3.844]] and job satisfaction [AOR= 2.480 [1.374, 4.476]]. Conclusion: The findings our study has indicated that health workers in West Hararghe zone in public hospitals have poor level of job performance. The strong predicting variable such as sex, marital status, working hours, working condition and job satisfaction were significantly associated with job performance. Regional Health office, Zonal health office and hospitals should give more attention on job satisfaction and working condition to improve health worker’s job performance.
Abstract: Background: The success of any organization always depends on the participation and job performance of theiremployees. Health workers job performance level are cornerstone for better productivity of any health care organizations Less performance of health workers reduces public hospital productivity and a reason for poor hospitalized patient health...
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Research Article
Perceived Factors Influencing Repayment of Agricultural Input Loans Among Rice Farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Olagoke Olajide Olowookere*,
Lawal Lateef Adefalu,
Sidiqat A. Aderinoye-Abdulwahab,
Ayomieju Rebecca Akubo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, November 2023
Pages:
255-264
Received:
18 October 2023
Accepted:
7 November 2023
Published:
28 December 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.20231106.17
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Default in the repayment of agricultural input loans hampers the flow of funds, discourages lenders from investing more in agriculture and impairs the supply of agricultural inputs towards better productivity of important food crops like rice. This research therefore examined the perceived factors influencing repayment of agricultural input loans among rice farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. The research specifically described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, examined their perception on loan repayment and identified the institutional, economic and borrower-related factors that are perceived to influence loan repayment. A sample size of 180 rice farmers was obtained by using a three-stage sampling technique. Data analysis was done using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study showed that rice farmers were of average age of 44 years, had average farming experience of 20.8 years and majority (65.6%) had low education. Their perception of loan repayment was average. All the farmers utilized their loans for farming, 55.6% repaid fully while 44.4 defaulted. Late disbursement of loan and high interest rate topped the perceived institutional factors that affect loan repayment while the economic factors were yield loss and low market prices and the major borrower-related factor was high household expenditure. The study concluded that age, education, income, farming experience, farm size, household size and amount of loan are related to loan repayment. The research also concluded that loan repayment is influenced by institutional, economic and borrower related factors. The study recommends: timely delivery of input loans; further extension education of farmers on better home management practices to reduce household expenditure; need for extension agents to work with research institutes to avail farmers improved varieties of rice to increase crop yield in order to enhance income and ease loan repayment; and lenders should prioritize experienced farmers in loan disbursement.
Abstract: Default in the repayment of agricultural input loans hampers the flow of funds, discourages lenders from investing more in agriculture and impairs the supply of agricultural inputs towards better productivity of important food crops like rice. This research therefore examined the perceived factors influencing repayment of agricultural input loans a...
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